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Peroxide. In chemistry, peroxides are a group of compounds with the structure R−O−O−R, where the R's represent any element and O's are single oxygen molecules. [1] [2] Oxygens are joined to each other and to adjacent elements through single covalent bonds, denoted by dashes or lines. The O−O group in a peroxide is often called the ...
When H2O2 acts as a reducing agent, oxygen gas is also produced. For example, hydrogen peroxide will reduce sodium hypochlorite and potassium permanganate, which is a convenient method for preparing oxygen in the laboratory: NaOCl + H2O2 → O2 + NaCl + H2O. 2 KMnO4 + 3 H2O2 → 2 MnO2 + 2 KOH + 2 H2O + 3 O2.
From hydrogen peroxide. Dialkyl peroxides, e.g., dicumyl peroxide, are synthesized by addition of hydrogen peroxide to alkenes or by O-alkylation of hydroperoxides. Diacyl peroxides are typically prepared by treating hydrogen peroxide with acid chlorides or acid anhydrides in the presence of base: H 2 O 2 + 2 RCOCl → (RCO 2) 2 + 2 HCl
Reactions with aldehydes and ketones yield a series of compounds depending on conditions. Specific reactions include addition of hydrogen peroxide across the C=O double bond: R2C=O + H2O2 → R2C (OH)OOH. In some cases, these hydroperoxides convert to give cyclic diperoxides: [R2C (O2H)]2O2 → [R2C]2(O2)2 + 2 H2O.
Benzoyl peroxide is a chemical compound (specifically, an organic peroxide) with structural formula (C 6 H 5 −C(=O)O−) 2, often abbreviated as (BzO) 2. In terms of its structure, the molecule can be described as two benzoyl ( C 6 H 5 −C(=O)− , Bz) groups connected by a peroxide ( −O−O− ).
Hydrogen peroxide–urea (also called Hyperol, artizone, urea hydrogen peroxide, and UHP) is a white crystalline solid chemical compound composed of equal amounts of hydrogen peroxide and urea. It contains solid and water -free hydrogen peroxide, which offers a higher stability and better controllability than liquid hydrogen peroxide when used ...
A peroxy acid (often spelled as one word, peroxyacid, and sometimes called peracid) is an acid which contains an acidic –OOH group. The two main classes are those derived from conventional mineral acids, especially sulfuric acid, and the peroxy derivatives of organic carboxylic acids. They are generally strong oxidizers .
Methyl ethyl ketone peroxide. Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa). ?) Methyl ethyl ketone peroxide ( MEKP) is an organic peroxide with the formula [ (CH 3 ) (C 2 H 5 )C (O 2 H)] 2 O 2. MEKP is a colorless oily liquid.
Metal dioxides are pervasive, such as MnO 2 and rutile (TiO 2 ), but these are oxides, not peroxides. Well characterized examples include the d 10 metal cations: zinc peroxide (ZnO 2 ), two polymorphs (both explosive) of mercury peroxide (HgO 2 ), and cadmium peroxide (CdO 2 ). Peroxide is a common ligand in metal complexes.
Peroxidases or peroxide reductases (EC number 1.11.1.x) are a large group of enzymes which play a role in various biological processes. They are named after the fact that they commonly break up peroxides .